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Journal of Virology, April 2005, p. 4229-4237, Vol. 79, No. 7
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0 doi:10.1128/JVI.79.7.4229-4237.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Carole Kretz-Remy,
and
Pierre Jalinot*
Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire de la Cellule, CNRS UMR 5161, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
Received 23 June 2004/ Accepted 28 October 2004
Several viral proteins expressed by DNA or RNA transforming viruses have the particular property of binding via their C-terminal end to various cellular proteins with PDZ domains. This study is focused on the PDZ protein TIP-2/GIPC, which was originally identified in two-hybrid screens performed with two different baits: the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax oncoprotein and the regulator of G signaling RGS-GAIP. Further studies have shown that TIP-2/GIPC is also able to associate with the cytoplasmic domains of various transmembrane proteins. In this report we show that TIP-2/GIPC interacts with the E6 protein of human papillomavirus type 18 (HPV-18). This event triggers polyubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation of the cellular protein. In agreement with this observation, silencing of E6 by RNA interference in HeLa cells causes an increase in the intracellular TIP-2/GIPC level. This PDZ protein has been previously found to be involved in transforming growth factor ß (TGF-ß) signaling by favoring expression of the TGF-ß type III receptor at the cell membrane. In line with this activity of TIP-2/GIPC, we observed that depletion of this protein in HeLa cells hampers induction of the Id3 gene by TGF-ß treatment and also diminishes the antiproliferative effect of this cytokine. Conversely, silencing of E6 increases the expression of Id3 and blocks proliferation of HeLa cells. These results support the notion that HPV-18 E6 renders cells less sensitive to the cytostatic effect of TGF-ß by lowering the intracellular amount of TIP-2/GIPC.
Present address: Institut de Biochimie et Chimie des Protéines, UMR 5086 CNRS UCBL, 69367 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
Present address: Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 5534, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
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