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Journal of Virology, August 2000, p. 7554-7561, Vol. 74, No. 16
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Antibodies to CD9, a Tetraspan Transmembrane Protein, Inhibit Canine Distemper Virus-Induced Cell-Cell Fusion but Not Virus-Cell Fusion

Erik Schmid,1 Andreas Zurbriggen,2 Uta Gassen,3 Bert Rima,3 Volker ter Meulen,1,* and Jürgen Schneider-Schaulies1

Institut für Virologie und Immunbiologie, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany1; Institut für Tierneurologie, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland2; and School of Biology and Biochemistry, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom3

Received 28 March 2000/Accepted 17 May 2000

Canine distemper virus (CDV) causes a life-threatening disease in several carnivores including domestic dogs. Recently, we identified a molecule, CD9, a member of the tetraspan transmembrane protein family, which facilitates, and antibodies to which inhibit, the infection of tissue culture cells with CDV (strain Onderstepoort). Here we describe that an anti-CD9 monoclonal antibody (MAb K41) did not interfere with binding of CDV to cells and uptake of virus. In addition, in single-step growth experiments, MAb K41 did not induce differences in the levels of viral mRNA and proteins. However, the virus release of syncytium-forming strains of CDV, the virus-induced cell-cell fusion in lytically infected cultures, and the cell-cell fusion of uninfected with persistently CDV-infected HeLa cells were strongly inhibited by MAb K41. These data indicate that anti-CD9 antibodies selectively block virus-induced cell-cell fusion, whereas virus-cell fusion is not affected.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institut für Virologie und Immunbiologie, Versbacher Str. 7, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany. Phone: 49-931-2015954. Fax: 49-931-2013934. E-mail: termeulen{at}vim.uni-wuerzburg.de.

Journal of Virology, August 2000, p. 7554-7561, Vol. 74, No. 16
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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