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J Virol, March 1998, p. 2439-2448, Vol. 72, No. 3
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Cytotoxic T Cells from Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2-Infected Patients Frequently Cross-React with Different Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Clades

Antonio Bertoletti,^1,* Fatim Cham,¹ Stephen McAdam,² Tim Rostron,² Sarah Rowland-Jones,² Sehu Sabally,¹ Tumani Corrah,¹ Koya Ariyoshi,¹ and Hilton Whittle¹

Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia, West Africa,¹ and Molecular Immunology Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom²

Received 6 August 1997/Accepted 4 December 1997

Knowledge of immune mechanisms responsible for the cross-protection between highly divergent viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2 may contribute to an understanding of whether virus variability may be overcome in the design of vaccine candidates which are broadly protective across the HIV subtypes. We demonstrate that despite the significant difference in virus amino acid sequence, the majority of HIV-2-infected individuals with different HLA molecules possess a dominant cytotoxic T-cell response which is able to recognize HIV-1 Gag protein. Furthermore, HLA-B5801-positive subjects show broad cross-recognition of HIV-1 subtypes since they mounted a T-cell response that tolerated extensive amino acid substitutions within HLA-B5801-restricted HIV-1 and HIV-2 epitopes. These results suggests that HLA-B5801-positive HIV-2-infected individuals have an enhanced ability to react with HIV-1 that could play a role in cross-protection.

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^* Corresponding author. Present address: Institute of Hepatology, University College London Medical School, 69-75 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, United Kingdom. Phone: 171-3800401. Fax: 171-3800405. E-mail: a.bertoletti{at}ucl.ac.uk.

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